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# sql/roles.py
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# Copyright (C) 2005-2024 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
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# <see AUTHORS file>
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#
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# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
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# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
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from __future__ import annotations
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from typing import Any
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from typing import Generic
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from typing import Optional
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from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
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from typing import TypeVar
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from .. import util
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from ..util.typing import Literal
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if TYPE_CHECKING:
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from ._typing import _PropagateAttrsType
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from .elements import Label
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from .selectable import _SelectIterable
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from .selectable import FromClause
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from .selectable import Subquery
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_T = TypeVar("_T", bound=Any)
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_T_co = TypeVar("_T_co", bound=Any, covariant=True)
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class SQLRole:
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"""Define a "role" within a SQL statement structure.
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Classes within SQL Core participate within SQLRole hierarchies in order
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to more accurately indicate where they may be used within SQL statements
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of all types.
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.. versionadded:: 1.4
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"""
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__slots__ = ()
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allows_lambda = False
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uses_inspection = False
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class UsesInspection:
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__slots__ = ()
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_post_inspect: Literal[None] = None
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uses_inspection = True
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class AllowsLambdaRole:
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__slots__ = ()
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allows_lambda = True
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class HasCacheKeyRole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "Cacheable Core or ORM object"
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class ExecutableOptionRole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "ExecutionOption Core or ORM object"
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class LiteralValueRole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "Literal Python value"
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class ColumnArgumentRole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "Column expression"
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class ColumnArgumentOrKeyRole(ColumnArgumentRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "Column expression or string key"
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class StrAsPlainColumnRole(ColumnArgumentRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "Column expression or string key"
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class ColumnListRole(SQLRole):
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"""Elements suitable for forming comma separated lists of expressions."""
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__slots__ = ()
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class StringRole(SQLRole):
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"""mixin indicating a role that results in strings"""
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__slots__ = ()
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class TruncatedLabelRole(StringRole, SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "String SQL identifier"
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class ColumnsClauseRole(AllowsLambdaRole, UsesInspection, ColumnListRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = (
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"Column expression, FROM clause, or other columns clause element"
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)
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@property
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def _select_iterable(self) -> _SelectIterable:
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raise NotImplementedError()
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class TypedColumnsClauseRole(Generic[_T_co], SQLRole):
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"""element-typed form of ColumnsClauseRole"""
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__slots__ = ()
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class LimitOffsetRole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "LIMIT / OFFSET expression"
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class ByOfRole(ColumnListRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "GROUP BY / OF / etc. expression"
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class GroupByRole(AllowsLambdaRole, UsesInspection, ByOfRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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# note there's a special case right now where you can pass a whole
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# ORM entity to group_by() and it splits out. we may not want to keep
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# this around
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_role_name = "GROUP BY expression"
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class OrderByRole(AllowsLambdaRole, ByOfRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "ORDER BY expression"
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class StructuralRole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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class StatementOptionRole(StructuralRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "statement sub-expression element"
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class OnClauseRole(AllowsLambdaRole, StructuralRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = (
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"ON clause, typically a SQL expression or "
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"ORM relationship attribute"
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)
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class WhereHavingRole(OnClauseRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "SQL expression for WHERE/HAVING role"
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class ExpressionElementRole(TypedColumnsClauseRole[_T_co]):
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# note when using generics for ExpressionElementRole,
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# the generic type needs to be in
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# sqlalchemy.sql.coercions._impl_lookup mapping also.
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# these are set up for basic types like int, bool, str, float
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# right now
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "SQL expression element"
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def label(self, name: Optional[str]) -> Label[_T]:
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raise NotImplementedError()
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class ConstExprRole(ExpressionElementRole[_T]):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "Constant True/False/None expression"
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class LabeledColumnExprRole(ExpressionElementRole[_T]):
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__slots__ = ()
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class BinaryElementRole(ExpressionElementRole[_T]):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "SQL expression element or literal value"
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class InElementRole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = (
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"IN expression list, SELECT construct, or bound parameter object"
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)
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class JoinTargetRole(AllowsLambdaRole, UsesInspection, StructuralRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = (
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"Join target, typically a FROM expression, or ORM "
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"relationship attribute"
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)
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class FromClauseRole(ColumnsClauseRole, JoinTargetRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "FROM expression, such as a Table or alias() object"
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_is_subquery = False
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named_with_column: bool
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class StrictFromClauseRole(FromClauseRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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# does not allow text() or select() objects
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class AnonymizedFromClauseRole(StrictFromClauseRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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if TYPE_CHECKING:
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def _anonymous_fromclause(
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self, *, name: Optional[str] = None, flat: bool = False
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) -> FromClause: ...
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class ReturnsRowsRole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = (
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"Row returning expression such as a SELECT, a FROM clause, or an "
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"INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE with RETURNING"
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)
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class StatementRole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "Executable SQL or text() construct"
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if TYPE_CHECKING:
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@util.memoized_property
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def _propagate_attrs(self) -> _PropagateAttrsType: ...
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else:
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_propagate_attrs = util.EMPTY_DICT
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class SelectStatementRole(StatementRole, ReturnsRowsRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "SELECT construct or equivalent text() construct"
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def subquery(self) -> Subquery:
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raise NotImplementedError(
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"All SelectStatementRole objects should implement a "
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".subquery() method."
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)
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class HasCTERole(ReturnsRowsRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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class IsCTERole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "CTE object"
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class CompoundElementRole(AllowsLambdaRole, SQLRole):
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"""SELECT statements inside a CompoundSelect, e.g. UNION, EXTRACT, etc."""
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = (
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"SELECT construct for inclusion in a UNION or other set construct"
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)
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# TODO: are we using this?
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class DMLRole(StatementRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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class DMLTableRole(FromClauseRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "subject table for an INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE"
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class DMLColumnRole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "SET/VALUES column expression or string key"
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class DMLSelectRole(SQLRole):
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"""A SELECT statement embedded in DML, typically INSERT from SELECT"""
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "SELECT statement or equivalent textual object"
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class DDLRole(StatementRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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class DDLExpressionRole(StructuralRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "SQL expression element for DDL constraint"
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class DDLConstraintColumnRole(SQLRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = "String column name or column expression for DDL constraint"
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class DDLReferredColumnRole(DDLConstraintColumnRole):
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__slots__ = ()
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_role_name = (
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"String column name or Column object for DDL foreign key constraint"
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)
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