# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """Tests for Beautiful Soup's tree traversal methods. The tree traversal methods are the main advantage of using Beautiful Soup over just using a parser. Different parsers will build different Beautiful Soup trees given the same markup, but all Beautiful Soup trees can be traversed with the methods tested here. """ from pdb import set_trace import copy import pickle import re import warnings from bs4 import BeautifulSoup from bs4.builder import ( builder_registry, HTMLParserTreeBuilder, ) from bs4.element import ( PY3K, CData, Comment, Declaration, Doctype, NavigableString, SoupStrainer, Tag, ) from bs4.testing import ( SoupTest, skipIf, ) XML_BUILDER_PRESENT = (builder_registry.lookup("xml") is not None) LXML_PRESENT = (builder_registry.lookup("lxml") is not None) class TreeTest(SoupTest): def assertSelects(self, tags, should_match): """Make sure that the given tags have the correct text. This is used in tests that define a bunch of tags, each containing a single string, and then select certain strings by some mechanism. """ self.assertEqual([tag.string for tag in tags], should_match) def assertSelectsIDs(self, tags, should_match): """Make sure that the given tags have the correct IDs. This is used in tests that define a bunch of tags, each containing a single string, and then select certain strings by some mechanism. """ self.assertEqual([tag['id'] for tag in tags], should_match) class TestFind(TreeTest): """Basic tests of the find() method. find() just calls find_all() with limit=1, so it's not tested all that thouroughly here. """ def test_find_tag(self): soup = self.soup("1234") self.assertEqual(soup.find("b").string, "2") def test_unicode_text_find(self): soup = self.soup(u'

Räksmörgås

') self.assertEqual(soup.find(string=u'Räksmörgås'), u'Räksmörgås') def test_unicode_attribute_find(self): soup = self.soup(u'

here it is

') str(soup) self.assertEqual("here it is", soup.find(id=u'Räksmörgås').text) def test_find_everything(self): """Test an optimization that finds all tags.""" soup = self.soup("foobar") self.assertEqual(2, len(soup.find_all())) def test_find_everything_with_name(self): """Test an optimization that finds all tags with a given name.""" soup = self.soup("foobarbaz") self.assertEqual(2, len(soup.find_all('a'))) class TestFindAll(TreeTest): """Basic tests of the find_all() method.""" def test_find_all_text_nodes(self): """You can search the tree for text nodes.""" soup = self.soup("Foobar\xbb") # Exact match. self.assertEqual(soup.find_all(string="bar"), [u"bar"]) self.assertEqual(soup.find_all(text="bar"), [u"bar"]) # Match any of a number of strings. self.assertEqual( soup.find_all(text=["Foo", "bar"]), [u"Foo", u"bar"]) # Match a regular expression. self.assertEqual(soup.find_all(text=re.compile('.*')), [u"Foo", u"bar", u'\xbb']) # Match anything. self.assertEqual(soup.find_all(text=True), [u"Foo", u"bar", u'\xbb']) def test_find_all_limit(self): """You can limit the number of items returned by find_all.""" soup = self.soup("12345") self.assertSelects(soup.find_all('a', limit=3), ["1", "2", "3"]) self.assertSelects(soup.find_all('a', limit=1), ["1"]) self.assertSelects( soup.find_all('a', limit=10), ["1", "2", "3", "4", "5"]) # A limit of 0 means no limit. self.assertSelects( soup.find_all('a', limit=0), ["1", "2", "3", "4", "5"]) def test_calling_a_tag_is_calling_findall(self): soup = self.soup("123") self.assertSelects(soup('a', limit=1), ["1"]) self.assertSelects(soup.b(id="foo"), ["3"]) def test_find_all_with_self_referential_data_structure_does_not_cause_infinite_recursion(self): soup = self.soup("") # Create a self-referential list. l = [] l.append(l) # Without special code in _normalize_search_value, this would cause infinite # recursion. self.assertEqual([], soup.find_all(l)) def test_find_all_resultset(self): """All find_all calls return a ResultSet""" soup = self.soup("") result = soup.find_all("a") self.assertTrue(hasattr(result, "source")) result = soup.find_all(True) self.assertTrue(hasattr(result, "source")) result = soup.find_all(text="foo") self.assertTrue(hasattr(result, "source")) class TestFindAllBasicNamespaces(TreeTest): def test_find_by_namespaced_name(self): soup = self.soup('4') self.assertEqual("4", soup.find("mathml:msqrt").string) self.assertEqual("a", soup.find(attrs= { "svg:fill" : "red" }).name) class TestFindAllByName(TreeTest): """Test ways of finding tags by tag name.""" def setUp(self): super(TreeTest, self).setUp() self.tree = self.soup("""First tag. Second tag. Third Nested tag. tag.""") def test_find_all_by_tag_name(self): # Find all the tags. self.assertSelects( self.tree.find_all('a'), ['First tag.', 'Nested tag.']) def test_find_all_by_name_and_text(self): self.assertSelects( self.tree.find_all('a', text='First tag.'), ['First tag.']) self.assertSelects( self.tree.find_all('a', text=True), ['First tag.', 'Nested tag.']) self.assertSelects( self.tree.find_all('a', text=re.compile("tag")), ['First tag.', 'Nested tag.']) def test_find_all_on_non_root_element(self): # You can call find_all on any node, not just the root. self.assertSelects(self.tree.c.find_all('a'), ['Nested tag.']) def test_calling_element_invokes_find_all(self): self.assertSelects(self.tree('a'), ['First tag.', 'Nested tag.']) def test_find_all_by_tag_strainer(self): self.assertSelects( self.tree.find_all(SoupStrainer('a')), ['First tag.', 'Nested tag.']) def test_find_all_by_tag_names(self): self.assertSelects( self.tree.find_all(['a', 'b']), ['First tag.', 'Second tag.', 'Nested tag.']) def test_find_all_by_tag_dict(self): self.assertSelects( self.tree.find_all({'a' : True, 'b' : True}), ['First tag.', 'Second tag.', 'Nested tag.']) def test_find_all_by_tag_re(self): self.assertSelects( self.tree.find_all(re.compile('^[ab]$')), ['First tag.', 'Second tag.', 'Nested tag.']) def test_find_all_with_tags_matching_method(self): # You can define an oracle method that determines whether # a tag matches the search. def id_matches_name(tag): return tag.name == tag.get('id') tree = self.soup("""Match 1. Does not match. Match 2.""") self.assertSelects( tree.find_all(id_matches_name), ["Match 1.", "Match 2."]) def test_find_with_multi_valued_attribute(self): soup = self.soup( "
1
2
3
" ) r1 = soup.find('div', 'a d'); r2 = soup.find('div', re.compile(r'a d')); r3, r4 = soup.find_all('div', ['a b', 'a d']); self.assertEqual('3', r1.string) self.assertEqual('3', r2.string) self.assertEqual('1', r3.string) self.assertEqual('3', r4.string) class TestFindAllByAttribute(TreeTest): def test_find_all_by_attribute_name(self): # You can pass in keyword arguments to find_all to search by # attribute. tree = self.soup(""" Matching a. Non-matching Matching b.a. """) self.assertSelects(tree.find_all(id='first'), ["Matching a.", "Matching b."]) def test_find_all_by_utf8_attribute_value(self): peace = u"םולש".encode("utf8") data = u''.encode("utf8") soup = self.soup(data) self.assertEqual([soup.a], soup.find_all(title=peace)) self.assertEqual([soup.a], soup.find_all(title=peace.decode("utf8"))) self.assertEqual([soup.a], soup.find_all(title=[peace, "something else"])) def test_find_all_by_attribute_dict(self): # You can pass in a dictionary as the argument 'attrs'. This # lets you search for attributes like 'name' (a fixed argument # to find_all) and 'class' (a reserved word in Python.) tree = self.soup(""" Name match. Class match. Non-match. A tag called 'name1'. """) # This doesn't do what you want. self.assertSelects(tree.find_all(name='name1'), ["A tag called 'name1'."]) # This does what you want. self.assertSelects(tree.find_all(attrs={'name' : 'name1'}), ["Name match."]) self.assertSelects(tree.find_all(attrs={'class' : 'class2'}), ["Class match."]) def test_find_all_by_class(self): tree = self.soup(""" Class 1. Class 2. Class 1. Class 3 and 4. """) # Passing in the class_ keyword argument will search against # the 'class' attribute. self.assertSelects(tree.find_all('a', class_='1'), ['Class 1.']) self.assertSelects(tree.find_all('c', class_='3'), ['Class 3 and 4.']) self.assertSelects(tree.find_all('c', class_='4'), ['Class 3 and 4.']) # Passing in a string to 'attrs' will also search the CSS class. self.assertSelects(tree.find_all('a', '1'), ['Class 1.']) self.assertSelects(tree.find_all(attrs='1'), ['Class 1.', 'Class 1.']) self.assertSelects(tree.find_all('c', '3'), ['Class 3 and 4.']) self.assertSelects(tree.find_all('c', '4'), ['Class 3 and 4.']) def test_find_by_class_when_multiple_classes_present(self): tree = self.soup("Found it") f = tree.find_all("gar", class_=re.compile("o")) self.assertSelects(f, ["Found it"]) f = tree.find_all("gar", class_=re.compile("a")) self.assertSelects(f, ["Found it"]) # If the search fails to match the individual strings "foo" and "bar", # it will be tried against the combined string "foo bar". f = tree.find_all("gar", class_=re.compile("o b")) self.assertSelects(f, ["Found it"]) def test_find_all_with_non_dictionary_for_attrs_finds_by_class(self): soup = self.soup("Found it") self.assertSelects(soup.find_all("a", re.compile("ba")), ["Found it"]) def big_attribute_value(value): return len(value) > 3 self.assertSelects(soup.find_all("a", big_attribute_value), []) def small_attribute_value(value): return len(value) <= 3 self.assertSelects( soup.find_all("a", small_attribute_value), ["Found it"]) def test_find_all_with_string_for_attrs_finds_multiple_classes(self): soup = self.soup('') a, a2 = soup.find_all("a") self.assertEqual([a, a2], soup.find_all("a", "foo")) self.assertEqual([a], soup.find_all("a", "bar")) # If you specify the class as a string that contains a # space, only that specific value will be found. self.assertEqual([a], soup.find_all("a", class_="foo bar")) self.assertEqual([a], soup.find_all("a", "foo bar")) self.assertEqual([], soup.find_all("a", "bar foo")) def test_find_all_by_attribute_soupstrainer(self): tree = self.soup(""" Match. Non-match.""") strainer = SoupStrainer(attrs={'id' : 'first'}) self.assertSelects(tree.find_all(strainer), ['Match.']) def test_find_all_with_missing_attribute(self): # You can pass in None as the value of an attribute to find_all. # This will match tags that do not have that attribute set. tree = self.soup("""ID present. No ID present. ID is empty.""") self.assertSelects(tree.find_all('a', id=None), ["No ID present."]) def test_find_all_with_defined_attribute(self): # You can pass in None as the value of an attribute to find_all. # This will match tags that have that attribute set to any value. tree = self.soup("""ID present. No ID present. ID is empty.""") self.assertSelects( tree.find_all(id=True), ["ID present.", "ID is empty."]) def test_find_all_with_numeric_attribute(self): # If you search for a number, it's treated as a string. tree = self.soup("""Unquoted attribute. Quoted attribute.""") expected = ["Unquoted attribute.", "Quoted attribute."] self.assertSelects(tree.find_all(id=1), expected) self.assertSelects(tree.find_all(id="1"), expected) def test_find_all_with_list_attribute_values(self): # You can pass a list of attribute values instead of just one, # and you'll get tags that match any of the values. tree = self.soup("""1 2 3 No ID.""") self.assertSelects(tree.find_all(id=["1", "3", "4"]), ["1", "3"]) def test_find_all_with_regular_expression_attribute_value(self): # You can pass a regular expression as an attribute value, and # you'll get tags whose values for that attribute match the # regular expression. tree = self.soup("""One a. Two as. Mixed as and bs. One b. No ID.""") self.assertSelects(tree.find_all(id=re.compile("^a+$")), ["One a.", "Two as."]) def test_find_by_name_and_containing_string(self): soup = self.soup("foobarfoo") a = soup.a self.assertEqual([a], soup.find_all("a", text="foo")) self.assertEqual([], soup.find_all("a", text="bar")) self.assertEqual([], soup.find_all("a", text="bar")) def test_find_by_name_and_containing_string_when_string_is_buried(self): soup = self.soup("foofoo") self.assertEqual(soup.find_all("a"), soup.find_all("a", text="foo")) def test_find_by_attribute_and_containing_string(self): soup = self.soup('foofoo') a = soup.a self.assertEqual([a], soup.find_all(id=2, text="foo")) self.assertEqual([], soup.find_all(id=1, text="bar")) class TestIndex(TreeTest): """Test Tag.index""" def test_index(self): tree = self.soup("""
Identical Not identical Identical Identical with child Also not identical Identical with child
""") div = tree.div for i, element in enumerate(div.contents): self.assertEqual(i, div.index(element)) self.assertRaises(ValueError, tree.index, 1) class TestParentOperations(TreeTest): """Test navigation and searching through an element's parents.""" def setUp(self): super(TestParentOperations, self).setUp() self.tree = self.soup('''