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# encoding: utf-8
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import pytest
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import logging
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import bs4
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from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
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from bs4.dammit import (
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EntitySubstitution,
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EncodingDetector,
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UnicodeDammit,
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)
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class TestUnicodeDammit(object):
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"""Standalone tests of UnicodeDammit."""
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def test_unicode_input(self):
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markup = "I'm already Unicode! \N{SNOWMAN}"
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(markup)
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assert dammit.unicode_markup == markup
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def test_smart_quotes_to_unicode(self):
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markup = b"<foo>\x91\x92\x93\x94</foo>"
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(markup)
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assert dammit.unicode_markup == "<foo>\u2018\u2019\u201c\u201d</foo>"
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def test_smart_quotes_to_xml_entities(self):
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markup = b"<foo>\x91\x92\x93\x94</foo>"
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(markup, smart_quotes_to="xml")
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assert dammit.unicode_markup == "<foo>‘’“”</foo>"
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def test_smart_quotes_to_html_entities(self):
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markup = b"<foo>\x91\x92\x93\x94</foo>"
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(markup, smart_quotes_to="html")
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assert dammit.unicode_markup == "<foo>‘’“”</foo>"
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def test_smart_quotes_to_ascii(self):
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markup = b"<foo>\x91\x92\x93\x94</foo>"
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(markup, smart_quotes_to="ascii")
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assert dammit.unicode_markup == """<foo>''""</foo>"""
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def test_detect_utf8(self):
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utf8 = b"Sacr\xc3\xa9 bleu! \xe2\x98\x83"
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(utf8)
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assert dammit.original_encoding.lower() == 'utf-8'
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assert dammit.unicode_markup == 'Sacr\xe9 bleu! \N{SNOWMAN}'
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def test_convert_hebrew(self):
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hebrew = b"\xed\xe5\xec\xf9"
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(hebrew, ["iso-8859-8"])
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assert dammit.original_encoding.lower() == 'iso-8859-8'
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assert dammit.unicode_markup == '\u05dd\u05d5\u05dc\u05e9'
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def test_dont_see_smart_quotes_where_there_are_none(self):
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utf_8 = b"\343\202\261\343\203\274\343\202\277\343\202\244 Watch"
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(utf_8)
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assert dammit.original_encoding.lower() == 'utf-8'
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assert dammit.unicode_markup.encode("utf-8") == utf_8
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def test_ignore_inappropriate_codecs(self):
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utf8_data = "Räksmörgås".encode("utf-8")
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(utf8_data, ["iso-8859-8"])
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assert dammit.original_encoding.lower() == 'utf-8'
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def test_ignore_invalid_codecs(self):
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utf8_data = "Räksmörgås".encode("utf-8")
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for bad_encoding in ['.utf8', '...', 'utF---16.!']:
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(utf8_data, [bad_encoding])
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assert dammit.original_encoding.lower() == 'utf-8'
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def test_exclude_encodings(self):
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# This is UTF-8.
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utf8_data = "Räksmörgås".encode("utf-8")
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# But if we exclude UTF-8 from consideration, the guess is
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# Windows-1252.
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(utf8_data, exclude_encodings=["utf-8"])
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assert dammit.original_encoding.lower() == 'windows-1252'
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# And if we exclude that, there is no valid guess at all.
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(
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utf8_data, exclude_encodings=["utf-8", "windows-1252"])
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assert dammit.original_encoding == None
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class TestEncodingDetector(object):
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def test_encoding_detector_replaces_junk_in_encoding_name_with_replacement_character(self):
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detected = EncodingDetector(
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b'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-\xdb" ?>')
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encodings = list(detected.encodings)
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assert 'utf-\N{REPLACEMENT CHARACTER}' in encodings
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def test_detect_html5_style_meta_tag(self):
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for data in (
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b'<html><meta charset="euc-jp" /></html>',
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b"<html><meta charset='euc-jp' /></html>",
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b"<html><meta charset=euc-jp /></html>",
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b"<html><meta charset=euc-jp/></html>"):
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(data, is_html=True)
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assert "euc-jp" == dammit.original_encoding
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def test_last_ditch_entity_replacement(self):
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# This is a UTF-8 document that contains bytestrings
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# completely incompatible with UTF-8 (ie. encoded with some other
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# encoding).
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#
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# Since there is no consistent encoding for the document,
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# Unicode, Dammit will eventually encode the document as UTF-8
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# and encode the incompatible characters as REPLACEMENT
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# CHARACTER.
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#
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# If chardet is installed, it will detect that the document
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# can be converted into ISO-8859-1 without errors. This happens
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# to be the wrong encoding, but it is a consistent encoding, so the
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# code we're testing here won't run.
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#
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# So we temporarily disable chardet if it's present.
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doc = b"""\357\273\277<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<html><b>\330\250\330\252\330\261</b>
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<i>\310\322\321\220\312\321\355\344</i></html>"""
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chardet = bs4.dammit.chardet_dammit
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logging.disable(logging.WARNING)
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try:
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def noop(str):
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return None
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bs4.dammit.chardet_dammit = noop
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(doc)
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assert True == dammit.contains_replacement_characters
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assert "\ufffd" in dammit.unicode_markup
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soup = BeautifulSoup(doc, "html.parser")
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assert soup.contains_replacement_characters
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finally:
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logging.disable(logging.NOTSET)
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bs4.dammit.chardet_dammit = chardet
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def test_byte_order_mark_removed(self):
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# A document written in UTF-16LE will have its byte order marker stripped.
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data = b'\xff\xfe<\x00a\x00>\x00\xe1\x00\xe9\x00<\x00/\x00a\x00>\x00'
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(data)
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assert "<a>áé</a>" == dammit.unicode_markup
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assert "utf-16le" == dammit.original_encoding
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def test_known_definite_versus_user_encodings(self):
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# The known_definite_encodings are used before sniffing the
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# byte-order mark; the user_encodings are used afterwards.
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# Here's a document in UTF-16LE.
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data = b'\xff\xfe<\x00a\x00>\x00\xe1\x00\xe9\x00<\x00/\x00a\x00>\x00'
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(data)
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# We can process it as UTF-16 by passing it in as a known
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# definite encoding.
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before = UnicodeDammit(data, known_definite_encodings=["utf-16"])
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assert "utf-16" == before.original_encoding
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# If we pass UTF-18 as a user encoding, it's not even
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# tried--the encoding sniffed from the byte-order mark takes
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# precedence.
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after = UnicodeDammit(data, user_encodings=["utf-8"])
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assert "utf-16le" == after.original_encoding
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assert ["utf-16le"] == [x[0] for x in dammit.tried_encodings]
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# Here's a document in ISO-8859-8.
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hebrew = b"\xed\xe5\xec\xf9"
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(hebrew, known_definite_encodings=["utf-8"],
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user_encodings=["iso-8859-8"])
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# The known_definite_encodings don't work, BOM sniffing does
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# nothing (it only works for a few UTF encodings), but one of
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# the user_encodings does work.
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assert "iso-8859-8" == dammit.original_encoding
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assert ["utf-8", "iso-8859-8"] == [x[0] for x in dammit.tried_encodings]
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def test_deprecated_override_encodings(self):
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# override_encodings is a deprecated alias for
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# known_definite_encodings.
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hebrew = b"\xed\xe5\xec\xf9"
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(
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hebrew,
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known_definite_encodings=["shift-jis"],
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override_encodings=["utf-8"],
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user_encodings=["iso-8859-8"],
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)
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assert "iso-8859-8" == dammit.original_encoding
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# known_definite_encodings and override_encodings were tried
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# before user_encodings.
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assert ["shift-jis", "utf-8", "iso-8859-8"] == (
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[x[0] for x in dammit.tried_encodings]
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)
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def test_detwingle(self):
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# Here's a UTF8 document.
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utf8 = ("\N{SNOWMAN}" * 3).encode("utf8")
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# Here's a Windows-1252 document.
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windows_1252 = (
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"\N{LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK}Hi, I like Windows!"
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"\N{RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK}").encode("windows_1252")
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# Through some unholy alchemy, they've been stuck together.
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doc = utf8 + windows_1252 + utf8
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# The document can't be turned into UTF-8:
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with pytest.raises(UnicodeDecodeError):
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doc.decode("utf8")
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# Unicode, Dammit thinks the whole document is Windows-1252,
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# and decodes it into "☃☃☃“Hi, I like Windows!”☃☃☃"
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# But if we run it through fix_embedded_windows_1252, it's fixed:
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fixed = UnicodeDammit.detwingle(doc)
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assert "☃☃☃“Hi, I like Windows!”☃☃☃" == fixed.decode("utf8")
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def test_detwingle_ignores_multibyte_characters(self):
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# Each of these characters has a UTF-8 representation ending
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# in \x93. \x93 is a smart quote if interpreted as
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# Windows-1252. But our code knows to skip over multibyte
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# UTF-8 characters, so they'll survive the process unscathed.
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for tricky_unicode_char in (
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"\N{LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE}", # 2-byte char '\xc5\x93'
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"\N{LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER X}", # 3-byte char '\xe2\x82\x93'
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"\xf0\x90\x90\x93", # This is a CJK character, not sure which one.
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):
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input = tricky_unicode_char.encode("utf8")
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assert input.endswith(b'\x93')
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output = UnicodeDammit.detwingle(input)
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assert output == input
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def test_find_declared_encoding(self):
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# Test our ability to find a declared encoding inside an
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# XML or HTML document.
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#
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# Even if the document comes in as Unicode, it may be
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# interesting to know what encoding was claimed
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# originally.
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html_unicode = '<html><head><meta charset="utf-8"></head></html>'
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html_bytes = html_unicode.encode("ascii")
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xml_unicode= '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>'
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xml_bytes = xml_unicode.encode("ascii")
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m = EncodingDetector.find_declared_encoding
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assert m(html_unicode, is_html=False) is None
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assert "utf-8" == m(html_unicode, is_html=True)
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assert "utf-8" == m(html_bytes, is_html=True)
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assert "iso-8859-1" == m(xml_unicode)
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assert "iso-8859-1" == m(xml_bytes)
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# Normally, only the first few kilobytes of a document are checked for
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# an encoding.
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spacer = b' ' * 5000
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assert m(spacer + html_bytes) is None
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assert m(spacer + xml_bytes) is None
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# But you can tell find_declared_encoding to search an entire
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# HTML document.
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assert (
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m(spacer + html_bytes, is_html=True, search_entire_document=True)
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== "utf-8"
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)
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# The XML encoding declaration has to be the very first thing
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# in the document. We'll allow whitespace before the document
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# starts, but nothing else.
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assert m(xml_bytes, search_entire_document=True) == "iso-8859-1"
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assert m(b' ' + xml_bytes, search_entire_document=True) == "iso-8859-1"
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assert m(b'a' + xml_bytes, search_entire_document=True) is None
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class TestEntitySubstitution(object):
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"""Standalone tests of the EntitySubstitution class."""
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def setup_method(self):
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self.sub = EntitySubstitution
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def test_simple_html_substitution(self):
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# Unicode characters corresponding to named HTML entites
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# are substituted, and no others.
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s = "foo\u2200\N{SNOWMAN}\u00f5bar"
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assert self.sub.substitute_html(s) == "foo∀\N{SNOWMAN}õbar"
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def test_smart_quote_substitution(self):
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# MS smart quotes are a common source of frustration, so we
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# give them a special test.
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quotes = b"\x91\x92foo\x93\x94"
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dammit = UnicodeDammit(quotes)
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assert self.sub.substitute_html(dammit.markup) == "‘’foo“”"
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def test_html5_entity(self):
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# Some HTML5 entities correspond to single- or multi-character
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# Unicode sequences.
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for entity, u in (
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# A few spot checks of our ability to recognize
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# special character sequences and convert them
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# to named entities.
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('⊧', '\u22a7'),
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('𝔑', '\U0001d511'),
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('≧̸', '\u2267\u0338'),
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('¬', '\xac'),
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('⫬', '\u2aec'),
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# We _could_ convert | to &verbarr;, but we don't, because
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# | is an ASCII character.
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('|' '|'),
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# Similarly for the fj ligature, which we could convert to
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# fj, but we don't.
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("fj", "fj"),
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# We do convert _these_ ASCII characters to HTML entities,
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# because that's required to generate valid HTML.
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('>', '>'),
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('<', '<'),
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('&', '&'),
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):
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template = '3 %s 4'
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raw = template % u
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with_entities = template % entity
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assert self.sub.substitute_html(raw) == with_entities
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def test_html5_entity_with_variation_selector(self):
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# Some HTML5 entities correspond either to a single-character
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# Unicode sequence _or_ to the same character plus U+FE00,
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# VARIATION SELECTOR 1. We can handle this.
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data = "fjords \u2294 penguins"
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markup = "fjords ⊔ penguins"
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assert self.sub.substitute_html(data) == markup
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data = "fjords \u2294\ufe00 penguins"
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markup = "fjords ⊔︀ penguins"
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assert self.sub.substitute_html(data) == markup
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def test_xml_converstion_includes_no_quotes_if_make_quoted_attribute_is_false(self):
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s = 'Welcome to "my bar"'
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assert self.sub.substitute_xml(s, False) == s
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def test_xml_attribute_quoting_normally_uses_double_quotes(self):
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assert self.sub.substitute_xml("Welcome", True) == '"Welcome"'
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assert self.sub.substitute_xml("Bob's Bar", True) == '"Bob\'s Bar"'
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def test_xml_attribute_quoting_uses_single_quotes_when_value_contains_double_quotes(self):
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s = 'Welcome to "my bar"'
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assert self.sub.substitute_xml(s, True) == "'Welcome to \"my bar\"'"
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def test_xml_attribute_quoting_escapes_single_quotes_when_value_contains_both_single_and_double_quotes(self):
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s = 'Welcome to "Bob\'s Bar"'
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assert self.sub.substitute_xml(s, True) == '"Welcome to "Bob\'s Bar""'
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def test_xml_quotes_arent_escaped_when_value_is_not_being_quoted(self):
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quoted = 'Welcome to "Bob\'s Bar"'
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assert self.sub.substitute_xml(quoted) == quoted
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def test_xml_quoting_handles_angle_brackets(self):
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assert self.sub.substitute_xml("foo<bar>") == "foo<bar>"
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def test_xml_quoting_handles_ampersands(self):
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assert self.sub.substitute_xml("AT&T") == "AT&T"
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def test_xml_quoting_including_ampersands_when_they_are_part_of_an_entity(self):
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assert self.sub.substitute_xml("ÁT&T") == "&Aacute;T&T"
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def test_xml_quoting_ignoring_ampersands_when_they_are_part_of_an_entity(self):
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assert self.sub.substitute_xml_containing_entities("ÁT&T") == "ÁT&T"
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def test_quotes_not_html_substituted(self):
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"""There's no need to do this except inside attribute values."""
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text = 'Bob\'s "bar"'
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assert self.sub.substitute_html(text) == text
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